The Long Flight of the Monarch

Written by Studio AM.

Each autumn, many monarch butterflies from eastern North America travel south to wintering forests in central Mexico. These long-lived adults can survive the winter and begin flying north again in spring.

They lay eggs as they move through the southern part of the breeding range. Their offspring continue north, and later generations spread farther during spring and summer. The full annual pattern therefore involves several generations, rather than one butterfly visiting every part of the range.

The adults that head south the next autumn have not previously visited the wintering forests. They do not follow a route taught by their parents. Research shows that they can use the Sun together with an internal clock to maintain a direction as the Sun moves across the sky. Inherited responses and environmental cues help guide the journey, while researchers continue investigating how the butterflies reach particular destinations.

This account concerns the eastern migration. Monarchs elsewhere can follow different routes or remain in one region, so not every monarch makes the same journey.

Questions

Choose an answer. The explanation appears after you answer.

  1. Question 1 of 4

    The passage is mainly about

  2. Question 2 of 4

    Which butterflies begin flying north from Mexico in spring?

  3. Question 3 of 4

    Why does the southward journey raise questions about navigation?

  4. Question 4 of 4

    In this passage, 'generations' refers to

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