Why a Clay Jar Cools Water

Written by Studio AM.

An unglazed clay jar can cool the water inside it without a motor or a block of ice. The explanation begins in the jar's porous wall. Tiny connected spaces let a small amount of water seep toward the outer surface. When water seeps through the clay, it spreads into a thin film exposed to the surrounding air.

Some molecules in that film move fast enough to escape as vapor. To escape, they take energy with them, leaving the remaining water and the jar slightly cooler. This transfer of energy is evaporative cooling, the same general process that makes damp skin feel cool in a breeze. Air movement helps by carrying away vapor near the surface, allowing more liquid water to evaporate.

The effect has limits. If the surrounding humidity is high, the air already contains abundant water vapor, so evaporation slows. Glaze also blocks the pores that make seepage possible. A very thick jar may move water too slowly, while a crack may release it too quickly. For that reason, potters must balance strength with porosity rather than simply making the wall as open as possible.

The jar does not manufacture cold; it exchanges a small amount of water for a loss of thermal energy. That distinction explains both its usefulness and its dependence on dry, moving air. A workshop demonstration can show how the clay, airflow, and humidity affect the same jar's cooling performance.

Questions

Choose an answer. The explanation appears after you answer.

  1. Question 1 of 4

    What is the central idea of the passage?

  2. Question 2 of 4

    Why would the jar usually cool better in dry, moving air than in still, humid air?

  3. Question 3 of 4

    In this passage, what does “porosity” refer to?

  4. Question 4 of 4

    According to the passage, what does glaze do to the cooling process?

Score: none answered yet.

More passages

Practise reading