Sarajevo and the July Crisis

Written by Studio AM.

On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, made an official visit to Sarajevo with his wife, Sophie. Bosnia was under Austro-Hungarian rule, and nationalist movements opposed that rule. An earlier attack on the visitors failed. Afterward, Franz Ferdinand chose to visit people affected by the attack at a hospital, but confusion about the changed route caused his car to stop near Gavrilo Princip. Princip, a member of the nationalist conspiracy, assassinated Franz Ferdinand and Sophie.

The route confusion shaped the immediate event, but it does not by itself explain a world war. Europe was already marked by imperial rivalry, military planning, nationalism, and alliances. The assassination became a trigger inside that tense system.

During the July Crisis, leaders made further choices. Austria-Hungary, backed by Germany, sent Serbia an ultimatum: final demands backed by the threat of military action. Serbia accepted many demands but not all of them. Mobilizations and declarations followed as governments responded to both their plans and one another. By early August, several major powers were at war. The Sarajevo assassination mattered greatly, yet war grew from the political conditions and decisions that followed it, not from one driver’s mistake alone.

Questions

Choose an answer. The explanation appears after you answer.

  1. Question 1 of 4

    Which statement best captures the passage’s main idea?

  2. Question 2 of 4

    Why does the passage include the route confusion?

  3. Question 3 of 4

    In the passage, an “ultimatum” is

  4. Question 4 of 4

    What change followed the earlier failed attack?

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