Why Leaves Change Color

Written by Studio AM.

In summer, many leaves are green. The green comes from chlorophyll. This substance helps a leaf use light to make food. Yellow and orange pigments are also present, but the green often hides them.

In autumn, shorter days and cooler weather bring changes in many trees. Leaves make less chlorophyll, and the chlorophyll already there breaks down. As the green fades, yellow and orange become easier to see. Some trees, including many maples, also produce red pigments at this time.

Another change happens where a leaf joins its branch. A layer of cells weakens the connection. The tree also seals the place where the leaf will separate. The leaf can then fall with a breeze or under its own weight.

Trees that lose their leaves this way spend winter without them. When conditions improve in spring, new leaves grow. Not all trees follow this pattern; some keep green leaves through winter.

Questions

Choose an answer. The explanation appears after you answer.

  1. Question 1 of 4

    What is the main point of the passage?

  2. Question 2 of 4

    According to the passage, what does chlorophyll do for the tree?

  3. Question 3 of 4

    Why can an autumn leaf fall on a day with little wind?

  4. Question 4 of 4

    In this passage, "fades" means

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